Specific Heat Calculator

Find the heat needed to warm something, or any missing value in Q = mcΔT.

What Do You Want to Find?
Water 4,186; aluminum 897; iron 449; copper 385.
Fractions and decimals both work.
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Result
Heat
Energy in kWh
Time with a 1,500 W heater (no losses)
Work

Saved Calculations

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Specific Heat Formula

Q = m × c × ΔT
Substancec (J/kg·°C)
Water4,186
Ice2,090
Aluminum897
Iron449
Copper385
Air (constant pressure)1,005

Worked Example

Tips

This covers heating without a change of state. Melting or boiling needs extra latent heat (334 kJ/kg to melt ice, 2,257 kJ/kg to boil water). Values vary slightly with temperature.