Stair Stringer Calculator

Enter the total rise to get the number of steps, the riser height, the total run, and the stringer length and angle, checked against common IRC limits.

From the landing surface at the bottom to the finished floor or deck surface at the top.
The tallest step you'll allow.
The run of each step, nosing to nosing. IRC minimum is 10″.
2×12 is 11¼″ wide.
Between stringers; depends on the tread material.
Fractions work too: try 40 1/2.
Risers
Riser height
Treads
Total run
Stair angle
Throat left
Stringers
Comfort check
Stringer Length

Stair List

Stairs you add are saved in this browser.

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How to Lay Out a Stair Stringer

Divide the total rise by the tallest riser you'll allow and round up to get the number of risers. Then divide the rise by that number so every step is the same height. There's one less tread than risers, because the top step is the floor or deck itself.

Risers = ⌈total rise ÷ max riser⌉   Riser height = total rise ÷ risers
Total run = (risers − 1) × tread depth   Stringer = √(rise² + run²)

The ⌈ ⌉ brackets mean round up. The stringer length is the diagonal along the nosings; buy a board at least a foot longer to allow for the top and bottom cuts.

Worked Example

Common IRC Stair Limits

ItemLimit (2021 IRC, R311.7)
Riser height7¾″ maximum
Tread depth10″ minimum, nosing to nosing
VariationLargest riser or tread no more than ⅜″ bigger than the smallest in a flight
Nosing¾″ to 1¼″ where treads are less than 11″ deep
Width36″ minimum
Headroom6′ 8″ minimum
HandrailRequired with four or more risers, 34″ to 38″ above the nosings

Your local code may differ. Commercial stairs follow the IBC, with a 7″ maximum riser and 11″ minimum tread.

Tips for Cutting Stringers

Lay out the steps with a framing square and stair gauges set to the riser and tread. Cut the bottom of the stringer shorter by the thickness of one tread, so the first step comes out the same height as the rest once treads are on. Don't overcut the corners; finish them with a handsaw. A common rule of thumb is to keep at least 3½″ of solid wood (the throat) below the notches, and more for long spans.