4% Rule Calculator

Find how much you could withdraw each year from savings, or how much you need for a target income.

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Result

Savings needed
Supported by current savings
Years to get there
As a multiple of spending
Work

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The 4% Rule and Your FIRE Number

Savings needed = yearly spending (minus other income) ÷ withdrawal rate = 25 × spending at 4%

First-year withdrawal = savings × withdrawal rate, then raised with inflation each year

The 4% rule comes from studies of historical US stock and bond returns (Bengen 1994; the Trinity study), where a 4% start with inflation raises lasted at least 30 years in almost every period.

Worked Example

Tips

For retirements longer than 30 years (common with early retirement), many planners use 3.25% to 3.5%. Using a real (after-inflation) return keeps everything in today’s dollars. Past returns don’t guarantee future results.